The law forbids legal guardians from forcing minors under their care to marry against the minors will. Newspapers reported that the government restricted foreign tourists from traveling through trails in Tassili and Hoggar, as well as certain areas in and around Tamanrasset, due to security concerns. 1955-08-07: Bne department formed by taking the eastern arrondissements of Constantine department: Bne )116.594 (2018 est. From March 18 until April 8, the ministrys Labor Inspector Service conducted inspections into child labor of 9,748 businessdown from 11,575 businesses the previous year. According to human rights activists, citizens widely believed the government conducted frequent electronic surveillance of a range of citizens, including political opponents, journalists, human rights groups, and suspected terrorists. There was no evidence of any pattern of discrimination toward asylum applicants, but the lack of a formal asylum system made this difficult to assess. )other alcohols: 0 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est. Many schools lacked teachers trained to work with children with disabilities, threatening the viability of efforts to mainstream children with disabilities into public schools. The government devoted increasing resources and attention to it. Women did not often have exclusive control over assets that they brought to a marriage or that they earned. Local media outlets reported that a team of European Union elections experts provided the government a report noting a lack of transparency in vote counting procedures, but the report was not made public. Domestic violence remains a society-wide problem. Declining oil prices have also reduced the governments ability to use state-driven growth to distribute rents and fund generous public subsidies, and the government has been under pressure to reduce spending. tier rating: Tier 2 Watch List Algeria does not fully meet the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking but is making significant efforts to do so; the government made key achievements during the reporting period, therefore Algeria was upgraded to Tier 2 Watch List; authorities identified more trafficking victims, increased investigations and prosecutions, while continuing to convict traffickers; Algeria partnered with international organizations to train officials and conduct public awareness campaigns; however, government identification of and services for victims remained insufficient; authorities continued to punish some potential victims for unlawful acts traffickers compelled them to commit (2022)trafficking profile: human traffickers exploit domestic and foreign victims; Algerian women and girls are vulnerable to sex trafficking due to financial problems or after running away from home; undocumented sub-Saharan migrants are vulnerable to labor and sex trafficking and are exploited in restaurants, houses, and informal worksites; sub-Saharan men and women needing more funds for their onward journey to Europe work illegally in construction and commercial sex and are vulnerable to sex trafficking and debt bondage; foreign women and girls, mainly from sub-Saharan Africa, are subject to sex trafficking in bars and informal brothels; criminal begging rings that exploit sub-Saharan African migrant children are common and reportedly increasing (2022), total population growth rate v. urban population growth rate, 2000-2030, Children under the age of 5 years underweight, International law organization participation, Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income, Household income or consumption by percentage share, Civil aircraft registration country code prefix, Military and security service personnel strengths, Military equipment inventories and acquisitions, Refugees and internally displaced persons, Center for the Study of Intelligence (CSI). Early and Forced Marriage: The legal minimum age of marriage is 19 for both men and women, but minors may marry with parental consent, regardless of gender. )carbon dioxide emissions: 150.01 megatons (2016 est. Since the subdivision Local authorities refused the follow on request for another event. Press and Media Freedom: The National Agency for Publishing and Advertising (ANEP) controls public advertising for print media. Sahrawi refugees lived predominantly in five camps near the city of Tindouf, administered by the Popular Front for the Liberation of the Saguia el Hamra and Rio de Oro (Polisario). After making a determination, the ministry notifies the customs service of the decision to allow or ban the importation of the publication. The law does not explicitly include this provision. Restrictions on freedom of assembly and association as well as restrictions on political party activities inhibited the activity of opposition groups. Human rights activists said police sometimes used excessive force against suspects, including protestors. The population of the province, which has an area of 1,102 square kilometers, is 1,002,937 according to 2008 data. The remote location of the camps and lack of government presence resulted in a lack of access by police and courts. )tide and wave: 0% of total installed capacity (2020 est. transferred from Sada to Oran. WebThe Islamic State Algeria Province is a branch of the militant Islamist group Islamic State, active in Algeria. A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States. )crude oil and lease condensate imports: 4,100 bbl/day (2018 est. Notably, terrorists killed seven soldiers in an ambush on July 30 in Skikda. In 2002-02, a constitutional amendment recognized Tamazigh (the written language of the largest Berber group) The constitution provides for freedom of internal movement, foreign travel, emigration, and repatriation, but the government restricted the exercise of this right. Police typically dispersed protesters shortly after a protest began and arrested and detained organizers for a few hours. LGBTI status is not, in itself, criminalized; however, LGBTI persons may face criminal prosecution under legal provisions concerning prostitution, public indecency, and associating with bad characters. Citing the threat of terrorism, the government also prevented overland tourist travel between the southern cities of Tamanrasset, Djanet, and Illizi. The government did not grant UNHCR access to these reception centers but reported that by 2016 most Syrians no longer used the centers. territories were in the north along the coast, while the military territories were in the Sahara region. Amnesty International alleged that authorities sometimes detained individuals on security-related charges for longer than the 12-day prescribed period. If workers face such conditions, they may renegotiate their contract or, failing that, resort to the courts. Appeals may be made to the ministry, with no independent or judicial review provided for in the decree. Security officials reportedly searched homes without a warrant. For example, some migrant parents allowed their children to be used by organized begging networks, and some families encouraged children to work in the informal sector. )126.777 (2020 est. 1848-12-09: By French presidential decree, the civil territory in each province was elevated to a department of ), 18.52 births/1,000 population (2022 est. The committee brought together various government and civil society actors to discuss implementation of the national strategy to combat HIV/AIDS. Some media figures alleged the government used its control over most printing houses and large amounts of public sector advertising preferentially, and that the lack of clear regulations over these practices permitted it to exert undue influence on press outlets. Amnesty International and other human rights organizations criticized the law prohibiting unauthorized gatherings and called for its amendment to require only notification as opposed to application for authorization. Twelve new arrondissements created, making a total of 32. )note: data are in 2017 dollars, 7.23% (2021 est. organized as annexes. Government officials monitored political meetings. )municipal solid waste recycled annually: 990,299 tons (2013 est. Religious workers reported that they had access to prisoners during the year and authorities allowed detainees access to religious observance. )nuclear: 0% of total installed capacity (2020 est. The government said that it closed 11 facilities and opened one new facility to improve prison conditions in the last year but argued that they have alleviated overcrowding by increasing the use of minimum-security centers that permit prisoners to work and by using electronic monitoring. LGBTI persons faced discrimination in accessing health services. Illegal migrants from Sub-Saharan Africa, particularly Malians, Nigeriens, and Gambians, continue to come to Algeria in search of work or to use it as a stepping stone to Libya and Europe. Penalties for unlawful work stoppages range from eight days to two months imprisonment. In July, Algerian League for the Defense of Human Rights (LADDH) and 15 representatives from other NGOs gathered at a hotel in Oran to discuss migration. Respect for Civil Liberties, Including: b. Corruption and Lack of Transparency in Government, Section 5. Generally speaking, the civil In addition, six private domestic television channels, 12 foreign broadcasting channels, and one foreign radio stationthe BBCoperated throughout the year. ICRC staff visited prisons, and police and gendarme stations under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Justice, and an administrative detention center operated by the Ministry of Interior. The court appearance of suspects in terrorism cases is public. )crude oil estimated reserves: 12.2 billion barrels (2021 est. Arabic: al-Jumhuriya al-Jazairiya ad-Dimuqratiya ash-Shabiya (formal), Dutch: Algerije, Democratische Volksrepubliek Algerije (formal), English: Democratic and Popular Republic of Algeria (formal), Norwegian: Den demokratiske folkerepublikk Algerie (formal) (Bokml), Den demokratiske folkerepublikken Algerie (formal) (Nynorsk), Algerie, Russian: , (formal), Turkish: Cezayir Demokratik Halk Cumhuriyeti (formal), Bchar: after Wadi Bashshar, possibly from Arabic, Bjaa: ethnic name, possibly from Arabic, Constantine: rebuilt in 311 by Roman emperor Constantine the Great, El Oued: = the Wadi (intermittent stream), Stif: ancient Sitifi, possibly from Berber. Prison sentences for rape range from five to 10 years, and authorities generally enforced the law. For the year the Ministry for National Solidarity, Family, and Women, reported that there were 1,127 logged cases of violence against women. )6.7% of GDP (2020 est. The Ministry of Interior did not provide domestic or foreign observers with voter registration lists. Human Rights Watch, Amnesty International, and other NGOs criticized the governments use of the law to restrict peaceful assembly. ), -0.82 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2022 est. The courts are empowered to dissolve unions that engage in illegal activities. )biomass and waste: 0% of total installed capacity (2020 est. Fekhar was released shortly thereafter, two years after his initial arrest. Corruption: The criminal code stipulates that only the board of directors of the institution concerned may initiate charges related to theft, embezzlement, or loss of public and private funds against senior, public sector economic managers. Critics of the law asserted that by permitting only senior officials of state businesses to initiate investigations, the law protects high-level government corruption and promotes impunity. 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